Overview
Munzira yekuchera kwechipiri inozivikanwa sekumigodhi migodhi yakareba kureba kwemugodhi (kazhinji iri pakati pe100 kusvika 300m asi inogona kunge yakareba) inogadzirwa nekutyaira nzira pamakona ekurudyi pakati pemigwagwa miviri inoumba mativi echivharo chakareba, chine mbabvu imwe yeiyi nzira itsva ichigadzira chiso chakareba. Kana iyo longwall face yaiswa, marasha anogona kutorwa pamwe nehurefu hwakazara hwechiso muzvidimbu zvehupamhi hwakapihwa (inonzi "web" yemarasha). Chiso chemazuva ano chakareba chinotsigirwa nerutsigiro rwe hydraulically powered uye zvitsigiro izvi zvinofambiswa zvishoma nezvishoma kuti zvitsigire chiso chichangobva kubviswa sezvo zvimedu zvinotorwa, zvichibvumira chikamu icho marasha akange ambocherwa uye akatsigirwa kudonha (kuva mbudzi). Iyi nzira inodzokororwa nguva dzose, webhu newebhu, nokudaro kubvisa zvachose rectangular block yemarasha, kureba kwechivharo zvichienderana nehuwandu hwezvinhu (ona gare gare zvinyorwa)
Iyo marasha haulage system inoiswa kumeso, pazviso zvemazuva ano "armoured face conveyor kana AFC". Migwagwa inoumba mativi ebhuroko inonzi "gedhi migwagwa". Mugwagwa unoisirwa main panel conveyor unonzi "main gedhi" (kana kuti "maingate"), mugwagwa uri kune mhiri uko uchinzi "muswe gedhi" (kana "tailgate") nzira.
Mabhenefiti ekuchera migodhi kwenguva refu achienzaniswa nedzimwe nzira dzekubvisa mbiru ndeidzi:
• Zvitsigiro zvekusingaperi zvinongodiwa chete muchikamu chekutanga chekushanda uye panguva yekuisa uye kugadzirisa mabasa. Mamwe matsigiro edenga (longwall chocks kana nhovo pamarefu emazuva ano) anofambiswa uye anotamiswa nemidziyo yechiso.
• Kudzoreredzwa kwezviwanikwa kwakakwira zvikuru - mukufungidzira kuti 100% yebhuroko remarasha riri kutorwa, kunyangwe mukuita panogara paine kurasika kwemarasha kana kubuda kubva panzira yekutakura kumeso yakarasika mumbudzi, kunyanya kana paine mvura yakawanda pambudzi. face
• Zvigadzirwa zvemigodhi zveLongwall zvinokwanisa kuburitsa zvibereko zvakakosha kubva kune imwechete yehuso refu - mamiriyoni masere ematoni pagore kana kupfuura.
• Kana achishanda nemazvo marasha anocherwa nenzira yakarongeka, inoenderera uye inodzokororwa inova yakanakira kudzora strata uye nemigodhi ine chekuita nemigodhi.
• Mari yebasa/tani inogadzirwa ishoma
Zvakaipa ndezvekuti:
• Pane mutengo wakakwirisa wekushandisa wekushandisa, kunyangwe usingadarike sezvaunotanga kuoneka kana uchienzaniswa nehuwandu hwemayuniti anoramba achichera mugodhi angazodiwa kuti abudise goho rimwe chete.
• Operations is very concentrated ("mazai ese mubasket rimwe").
• Marefu marefu haanyatso kuchinjika uye "asingaregereri" - haabatike seam discontinuities zvakanaka; nzira dzemasuwo dzinofanirwa kufambiswa kune yakakwirira mwero kana matambudziko achamuka; Mamiriro akanaka echiso anowanzoenderana nekugadzirwa kwakawanda kana kushoma kuenderera, saka matambudziko anokonzera kunonoka anogona kuungana kuita zviitiko zvikuru.
• Nekuda kwehunhu hwekusaregerera hwemarefu, kushanda neruzivo kwakakosha kuti ushande unobudirira.
Sarudzo huru inofanira kuitwa hukuru hwemabhuroki akareba. Nekuti marefu emazuva ano anosanganisira nhamba huru yezvimedu zvemidziyo (nhamba yehukuru hwemazana ezvinhu, zvine zvakawanda zvinorema zvinosvika matani makumi matatu kana kupfuura), maitiro ekudzoreredza midziyo kubva mubhuroko rakapedzwa, kuendesa kune imwe bhuroko idzva. uye wozoiisa mubhuroko idzva (kazhinji yakawanda yacho ichibviswa mumugodhi kuti igadziriswe munzira) ibasa guru kwazvo. Kunze kwemutengo wakananga unobatanidzwa, kugadzira uye nekudaro mari i zero panguva ino. Mahombe akareba mabhuroki anozogonesa huwandu hwekutamiswa kudzikiswa, zvisinei pane zvinodzikamisa zvinhu kuhukuru hwemabhuroki marefu:
• Kurebesa kwechiso ndiko kunodiwa simba rakawanda pachiso chekutakura marasha (ona zvinyorwa zvinozotevera paAFC's). Iyo yakakura simba, iyo yakakura saizi yemuviri yemayuniti edhiraivha (kazhinji pane drive unit pamativi ese echiso). Iwo madhiraivha edhiraivha anofanirwa kupinda mukucherwa uye kubvumira nzvimbo yekupinda kupfuura iwo, yekufefetera kumeso uye kune imwe dhigirii yedenga rekuvhara pasi. Zvakare iyo yakakura simba, iyo yakakura (uye saka inorema) iyocheni dzemigodhipamutakuri wechiso - idzi dzakatenderedza simbi dzekubatanidza maketani dzinofanirwa kubatwa kumeso pane dzimwe nguva uye pane zvinogoneka zvinogumira maererano nehukuru hwemacheni emigodhi.
• Mune kumwe kuiswa kwemallwall, kupisa kunogadzirwa nemadhiraivha emagetsi makuru anogona kuve chinhu.
• Zvose kufara kwechiso nekureba zvinogona kudzorwa nemiganhu inogadzirwa nemiganhu yekurenda, kusaenderera mberi kwemusono kana kusiyana, kuvandudzwa kwemugodhi kwagara kuripo uye/kana simba rekupinza mhepo.
• Kugona kwemugodhi kugadzira mabhuroko matsva akareba kuitira kuti kuenderera mberi kwekugadzirwa kwemugodhi kusakanganiswa.
• Mamiriro emidziyo - kushandura kunze kwezvimwe zvinhu kuti zvigadziriswe kana kuchinjwa munguva yehupenyu hwevhavha yakareba inogona kuva dambudziko, uye inonyatsoitwa panguva yekutamiswa.
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-27-2022