Iyo AFC Chain Management Strategy Inowedzera Hupenyu uye Inodzivirira Kusarongeka Kusarongeka
Mining cheniinogona kuita kana kupaza oparesheni.Nepo migodhi mirefu mizhinji ichishandisa 42 mm cheni kana pamusoro pazviso zvinotakura pfuti (AFCs), migodhi mizhinji iri kuita 48-mm uye mimwe iri kumhanya seni yakakura se65 mm.Iwo madhayamita akakura anogona kurebesa cheni hupenyu.Vashandisi veLongwall vanowanzo tarisira kudarika mamirioni gumi nerimwe nematani makumi mana nemasere uye anosvika makumi maviri emamiriyoni matani nemasaizi makumi matanhatu neshanu cheni isati yabviswa mukomisheni.Chain mune aya hukuru hukuru inodhura asi yakakosha kana pani yese kana maviri anogona kucherwa pasina kuvharwa nekuda kwekutadza kweketani.Asi, kana cheni yatsemuka nekuda kwekutadza kutonga, kubata zvisizvo, kutarisisa zvisina kunaka, kana nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze ayo anogona kukonzera stress corrosion cracking (SCC), mugodhi unotarisana nematambudziko makuru.Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, mutengo wakabhadharwa chetani iyoyo unova wakaderera.
Kana mushandisi wenguva refu asiri kumhanyisa cheni yakanakisa inogoneka kune mamiriro emugodhi, imwe chete isina kurongeka yekudzima inogona kudzima zviri nyore chero mari yakachengetwa panguva yekutenga.Saka chii chinofanira kuita longwall operator?Vanofanira kunyatsoteerera kune nzvimbo-yakananga mamiriro uye sarudza ketani zvakanyatsonaka.Mushure mekunge cheni yatengwa, ivo vanofanirwa kushandisa imwe nguva uye mari inodiwa kuti vatore zvakanaka mari.Izvi zvinogona kubhadhara zvakakosha.
Kurapa kwekupisa kunogona kuwedzera simba rengetani, kuderedza brittleness yayo, kuderedza kushushikana kwemukati, kuwedzera kupfeka kuramba, kana kuvandudza machinability chetani.Kupisa kupisa kwave kuri chimiro chehunyanzvi uye kunosiyana kubva kune mugadziri kune mugadziri.Chinangwa ndechekuwana kuenzana kwesimbi zvivakwa kuti zvinyatsoenderana nebasa rezvigadzirwa.Kusiyanisa kwakaomeswa ketani ndeimwe yemaitiro akanyanya kuoma anoshandiswa neParsons Chain apo korona yeketani yekubatanidza inoramba yakaoma kuramba kupfeka uye makumbo kana zvisungo zvinyoro mukuwedzera kusimba uye ductility mubasa.
Kuomarara ndiko kugona kuramba kupfeka uye zvinoratidzwa neiyo Brinell kuomarara nhamba nechiratidzo HB kana Vickers kuomarara nhamba (HB).Chikero chekuomarara cheVickers chakanyatsoenderana, saka zvinhu zve800 HV zvakaoma zvakapetwa kasere seane kuoma kwe100 HV.Iyo nokudaro inopa chiyero chinonzwisisika chekuoma kubva kune yakapfava kusvika kune yakaoma zvinhu.Pakuomarara kwakaderera, kusvika pamazana matatu, Vickers neBrinell kuomarara zvabuda zvinenge zvakangofanana, asi pamhando yepamusoro mibairo yeBrinell inodzikira nekuda kwekukanganiswa kwebhora indenter.
Iyo Charpy Impact Muedzo chiyero che brittleness yechinhu chinogona kuwanikwa kubva pakukanganisa bvunzo.Iyo ketani yekubatanidza inocherechedzwa pane weld point pane chinongedzo uye inoiswa munzira yekutenderedza pendulum, simba rinodiwa kutyora sampuli iri kuyerwa nekuderedzwa kwekuzununguka kwependulum.
Vazhinji vagadziri veketani vanochengetedza mashoma emamita ega yega batch odha kuti abvumire yakazara inoparadza kuyedzwa kuitika.Yakazara bvunzo mhinduro uye zvitupa zvinowanzo kupihwa neketani iyo inowanzo tumirwa mu50-m inofananidzwa pairi.Elongation pakuedza simba uye yakazara elongation pakutyoka zvakare graphed panguva iyi inoparadza bvunzo.
Iyo Optimum Chain
Chinhu ndechekubatanidza ese aya maitiro kugadzira iyo optimum ketani, iyo inosanganisira inotevera kuita:
• Kusimba kwepamusoro;
• Kupikisa kwepamusoro kwemukati wekubatanidza kupfeka;
• Kurwisana kwepamusoro kune kukuvara kwe sprocket;
• Kuramba kwakanyanya kune martensitic cracking;
• Kuvandudza kusimba;
• Kuwedzera kuneta hupenyu;uye
• Kupokana neSCC.
Nekudaro, hapana imwe mhinduro yakakwana, kungosiyana kwakasiyana.Iyo yakakwira goho poindi inokonzeresa kushushikana kwakanyanya, kana yakabatana nekuomarara kwepamusoro kuwedzera kupfeka kuramba, zvinozoitawo kudzikisira kuomarara uye kuramba kushushikana kwekuora.
Vagadziri vari kuramba vachiedza kugadzira cheni inozotora nguva yakareba uye kupona mamiriro akaoma.Vamwe vanogadzira galvanize cheni kuti vagadzirise nharaunda dzinoora.Imwe sarudzo ndeye COR-X cheni, iyo inogadzirwa kubva patented vanadium, nickel, chromium, uye molybdenum alloy inorwa SCC.Chii chinoita kuti mhinduro iyi ive yakasarudzika ndeyekuti anti-stress corrosion zvivakwa zvine homogenous mukati mecheni yesimbi yesimbi uye kushanda kwayo hakushanduke sekupfeka kwetani.COR-X yakaratidza kuwedzera hupenyu hwecheni zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzinoparadza uye kubvisa kutadza nekuda kwekunetsekana kwekuora.Miedzo yakaratidza kuti kutyora uye kushanda nesimba kunowedzerwa 10%.Notch kukanganisa kwakawedzera 40% uye kuramba SCC kwakawedzera 350% zvichienzaniswa neketani yenguva dzose (DIN 22252).
Pane zviitiko apo COR-X 48 mm cheni yakamhanyisa mamirioni gumi nerimwe matani pasina kukundikana kwakabatana neketani isati yabviswa.Uye yekutanga OEM Broadband cheni kuiswa naJoy pamugodhi weBHP Billiton San Juan yakamhanyisa Parsons COR-X cheni inogadzirwa kuUK, iyo inonzi yakatakura anosvika mamirioni makumi maviri ematani kubva kumeso mukati mehupenyu hwayo.
Reverse Chain Kuwedzera Cheni Hupenyu
Chikonzero chikuru chekupfeka kwecheni kufamba kweimwe neimwe yakatwasuka link ichitenderera ichitenderedza yakatarisana neyakachinjika link painopinda nekusiya drive sprocket.Izvi zvakare zvinotungamira mukupfeka kwakawanda mundege yezvisungo pavanenge vachitenderera kuburikidza ne sprocket, saka imwe yedzakanyanya nzira dzekuwedzera hupenyu hwecheni yakashandiswa ndeyekutenderera, kana kudzosera iyo 180º kumhanyisa cheni kune rimwe divi. .Izvi zvinoisa "zvisina kushandiswa" nzvimbo dzezvisungo zvekushanda uye zvichikonzera kushomeka kwekubatanidza nzvimbo uye iyo yakaenzana nehupenyu hurefu hwecheni.
Kusaenzana kurodha kwemutakuri, nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, zvinogona kutungamirira mukusaenzana kupfeka pamaketani maviri zvichiita kuti ketani imwe ipfeke nekukurumidza kupfuura imwe.Kusafanana kupfeka kana kutambanudza mune imwe kana maviri emaketani maviri sezvazvinogona kuitika nemapatya ekunze magungano anogona kukonzera kuti ndege dzisawirirane, kana kubuda munhanho sezvavanotenderera dhiraivha sprocket.Izvi zvinogona zvakare kukonzereswa neimwe cheni mbiri ichirembera.Izvi kunze kwekuita chiyero zvinotungamira kumatambudziko ekushanda, pamwe nekukonzera kupfeka kwakanyanya uye kukuvara kunogoneka pane drive sprockets.
System Tensioning
Chirongwa chakarongeka chekumanikidza uye chekugadzirisa chinodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mushure mekuiswa, chiyero chekupfeka chetani chinodzorwa nemacheni ese ari kureba nekuda kwekupfeka pamwero unodzorwa uye unofananidzwa.
Pasi pechirongwa chekugadzirisa, vashandi vekugadzirisa vachayera kupfeka kwecheni pamwe chete netension, kutsiva cheni kana yapfeka zvinopfuura 3%.Kuti uone kuti dhigirii iyi yekupfeka kweketani inorevei mumashoko chaiwo, inofanira kuyeukwa kuti pachiso che 200-m longwall, kupfeka kweketani ye3% kunoreva kuwedzera kweketani kureba kwemamita gumi nemaviri kune imwe neimwe tambo.Vashandi vekugadzirisa vanozotsivawo kutakura uye kudzorera sprockets uye strippers sezvo izvi zvinosakara kana kukuvara, ongorora giya bhokisi uye mafuta level uye ona chokwadi, nguva nenguva, kuti mabhaudhi akasimba.
Pane nzira dzakanyatsogadziriswa dzekuverenga nhanho chaiyo yekunyepedzera uye idzi dzinoratidza kuve dhairekitori rinobatsira kune yekutanga kukosha.Nekudaro, nzira yakavimbika ndeyekutarisa cheni sezvo ichisiya dhiraivha sprocket apo iyo AFC iri kushanda pasi pemamiriro ekutakura akazara.Iyo ketani inofanirwa kuwonekwa ichingoratidza hushoma hweslack (maviri malink) sezvainobvisa kubva kune drive sprocket.Kana mwero wakadaro uripo, kunyepedzera kunoda kuyerwa, kurekodhwa uye kusetwa zveramangwana sechikamu chekushanda kwechiso ichocho.Pre-tension readings inofanira kutorwa nguva nenguva uye nhamba yezvisungo zvakabviswa zvinorekodhwa.Izvi zvichapa yambiro yekutanga yekutanga kwekusiyana kupfeka kana kupfeka zvakanyanya.
Ndege dzakabhenda dzinofanirwa kutwasanudzwa kana kuchinjwa pasina kunonoka.Ivo vanoderedza mashandiro emutakuri uye zvinogona kukonzera kuti bhawa idonhe kubva mujaho rezasi uye kusvetukira pane sprocket zvichikonzera kukuvara kumaketani ese ari maviri, sprocket, uye mabhawa ekubhururuka.
Vashandisi veLongwall vanofanirwa kuramba vakangwarira kune dzakasakara uye dzakakuvadzwa cheni strippers sezvo vangangobvumira slack cheni kuti igare mu sprocket uye izvi zvinogona kukonzera jam uye kukuvara.
Chain Management Inotanga Panguva yekuiswa
Kudiwa kwemutsetse wakanaka wakarurama wechiso haugoni kunyanya kusimbiswa.Chero kutsauka pakurongeka kwechiso kungangokonzera mutsauko pakati pecheni dzechiso-negob-parutivi zvinotungamira mukupfeka zvisina kuenzana.Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika pachiso chichangobva kugadzwa sezvo maketani anofamba nemunguva ye "mubhedha mukati".
Kana imwe nzira yekupfeka yekusiyanisa yaumbwa hazvigoneke kugadzirisa.Kazhinji pane kwete, musiyano unoramba uchiwedzera nekupfeka kwakadzikama kugadzira kuderera kwakawanda.
Migumisiro yakashata yekumhanya nemutsara wechiso usina kunaka unotungamira mukusiyana kwakanyanya mudivi rekunyepedzera kudivi kunoratidzirwa nekuongorora manhamba.Semuyenzaniso, 1,000-ft longwall ine 42-mm AFC cheni inosvika zviuru zvina zvinongedzo mudivi rega rega.Kubvuma kuti interlink kupfeka-simbi kubviswa kunoitika kumativi ose ekubatanidza.Cheni iyi ine 8,000 mapoinzi apo simbi inopfekwa ne interlink kudzvinyirirwa painotyairwa uye painozunguzika ichidzika kumeso, inotambura nekuremerwa kwekuvhunduka kana kuitiswa nekurwiswa kunoparadza.Naizvozvo, kune yega yega 1/1,000-inch yekupfeka tinoburitsa 8 inches yekuwedzera pakureba.Chero musiyano mudiki pakati pezviyero zvekupfeka kwechiso-ne-gob-side, zvinounzwa nemakakatanwa asina kuenzana, zvinokurumidza kuwanda kusvika pakusiyana kukuru kwehurefu hwecheni.
Mabhii maviri pa sprocket panguva imwe chete anogona kutungamira mukupfeka zvisina kufanira kwezita rezino.Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekurasikirwa kwenzvimbo yakanaka mudhiraivha sprocket iyo inobvumira chinongedzo kutsvedza pamazino ekutyaira.Ichi chinotsvedza chiito chinocheka mukati me chinongedzo uye zvakare chinowedzera kupfeka mwero pamazino e sprocket.Kana yangogadzikwa sepateni yekupfeka, inogona chete kukurumidza.Pachiratidzo chekutanga chekucheka kwekubatanidza, sprockets inofanira kuongororwa uye kuchinjwa kana ichida kuva, kusati kwakanganisa kunoparadza ketani.
Cheni yekunyepedzera iyo yakanyanyisa kukonzeresa kupfeka zvakanyanya pacheni uye sprocket.Kunyepedzera kweketani kunoda kuisirwa pazvikoshi zvinodzivirira kusikwa kwetani yakawandisa yakaderera pasi pemutoro wakazara.Mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro anozobvumira scraper mabara "kubhururuka kunze" uye njodzi yekukuvadzwa kumuswe sprocket inokonzerwa neketani bunching sezvainosiya sprocket.Kana manyepo akaiswa zvakanyanya kune njodzi mbiri dziri pachena: exaggerated inter link wear pacheni, uye kupfeka kwakanyanyisa pamadhiraivha.
Yakawandisa Chain Tension Inogona Kuve Muurayi
Zvinowanzoitika ndezvekumhanyisa cheni zvakanyanya.Chinangwa chinofanirwa kunge chiri chekugara uchitarisa kunyepedzera uye kubvisa slack chain neaviri link increments.Anopfuura maviri ma link angaratidza kuti cheni yainge yanyanya kuderera kana kubviswa kwezvisungo zvina kwaizogadzira manyemwe akawandisa izvo zvaizoita kuti zvinorema interlink kupfeka uye zvaizoderedza zvakanyanya hupenyu hwecheni.
Tichifunga kuti kurongeka kwechiso kwakanaka, kukosha kwekunyengedza kune rumwe rutivi hakufaniri kudarika kukosha kune rumwe rutivi netoni inopfuura imwe.Kutarisira kwakanaka kwechiso kunofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti chero musiyano unogona kubatwa kusvika asingapfuure matani maviri mukati mehupenyu hwese hwekushandisa chetani.
Kuwedzera kwehurefu nekuda kwekupfeka kwe interlink (dzimwe nguva kunonzi zvisizvo se "chain stretch") inogona kubvumidzwa kusvika pa2% uye ichiri kumhanya nema sprockets matsva.
Iyo dhigirii ye interlink kupfeka harisi dambudziko kana cheni uye sprockets zvikapfeka pamwechete zvichichengeta kuenderana kwavo.Nekudaro, iyo interlink kupfeka inokonzeresa kudzikiswa kwemaketani ekupwanya mutoro uye kuramba kuvhunduka mitoro.
Nzira yakapfava yekuyera interlink kupfeka ndeye kushandisa caliper, kuyera muzvikamu zvishanu zvepitch uye kuisa kune cheni elongation chati.Maketani aiwanzo kutariswa kuti atsive kana kupfeka kwe interlink kuchipfuura 3%.Vamwe vanochengetedza maneja ekugadzirisa havafarire kuona cheni yavo ichipfuura 2% kureba.
Good cheni manejimendi inotanga padanho rekuisa.Kutarisisa kwakadzama nekugadzirisa kana zvichidikanwa panguva yekurara munguva inozobatsira kuve nechokwadi chehupenyu hurefu uye husina matambudziko.
(Nekuremekedza kwaEllton Longwall)
Nguva yekutumira: Sep-26-2022