Nhau - Nhanganyaya yeKusimudza Chain yeMagiredhi: G80, G100 & G120

Kusimudza maketani uye zvipfuramabwezvinhu zvakakosha mukuvaka, kugadzira, migodhi, uye maindasitiri ekumahombekombe. Kuita kwavo kunoenderana nesainzi yezvinhu uye neinjiniya chaiyo. Maketani emaketani eG80, G100, uye G120 anomiririra zvishoma nezvishoma mapoka esimba repamusoro, anotsanangurwa nemasimba awo mashoma ekusimba (muMPa) anopetwa negumi:

- G80: 800 MPa yakaderera tensile simba

- G100: 1,000 MPa mashoma tensile simba

- G120: 1,200 MPa yakaderera tensile simba

Aya magiredhi anotevedzera mwero wepasi rose (semuenzaniso, ASME B30.9, ISO 1834, DIN EN818-2) uye anoongororwa zvakasimba uye nekuyedzwa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuvimbika pasi pemitoro ine simba, tembiricha yakanyanyisa, uye nharaunda dzinoparadza.

1. Zvishandiso uye Metallurgy: Sayenzi Iri Kuseri Kwemaketani Anosimudza Magiredhi

Iyo mechanical properties yeiyi macheni ekusimudza inomuka kubva kune chaiyo alloy kusarudzwa uye kupisa kurapwa.

Giredhi	Base material	Kupisa-kurapa	Key Alloying Elements	Microstructural Features
G80	Simbi yepakati-kabhoni	Kudzima & Kudziya	C (0.25-0.35%), Mn	Tempered martensite
G100	High-simba yakaderera-alloy (HSLA) simbi	Kudzimwa kunodzorwa	Cr, Mo, V	Fine-grained bainite/martensite
G120	Yepamusoro HSLA simbi	Precision tempering	Cr, Ni, Mo, micro-alloyed Nb/V	Ultra-yakanaka carbide dispersion

Sei uye sei zvinhu izvi zvakakosha:

- Kuwedzera Simba: Alloying elements (Cr, Mo, V) inoumba carbides iyo inodzivisa kufamba kwekufamba, kuwedzera simba regoho pasina kupira ductility.

-Kuneta Kuramba: Fine-grained microstructures muG100 / G120 inodzivisa kutanga kwekuputika. G120's tempered martensite inopa hupenyu hwekuneta hwepamusoro (> 100,000 kutenderera pa30% WLL).

- Pfeka Resistance: Kuomeswa kwepamusoro (semuenzaniso, induction kuomeswa) muG120 kunoderedza abrasion mune yakakwirira-friction application senge migodhi yekudhonza.

Welding Protocols yeChain Kutendeseka

•Pre-Weld Prep:

o Chenesa nzvimbo dzemajoini kubvisa okisidhisi/zvinosvibisa.

o Pre-heat kusvika 200°C (G100/G120) kudzivirira hydrogen kuparuka.

•Welding nzira:

o Laser Welding: YeG120 cheni (semuenzaniso, Al-Mg-Si alloys), maviri-sided welding inogadzira fusion nzvimbo dzine H-yakaumbwa HAZ yekugovera yunifomu yekushushikana.

o Kupisa Wire TIG: Kune boiler simbi cheni (semuenzaniso, 10Cr9Mo1VNb), akawanda-pass welding inoderedza kukanganisa.

•Zano Rakakosha:Dzivisa kukanganisa kwejometri muHAZ - nzvimbo huru dzekutanga crack dziri pasi pe150°C.

Post-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) Parameters

Giredhi	PWHT Tembiricha	Bata Nguva	Microstructural Change	Kuvandudza Zvinhu
G80	550-600°C	2-3 maawa	Tempered martensite	Kunyaradza kushushikana, + 10% kukanganisa kuoma
G100	740-760°C	2-4 maawa	Yakanaka carbide dispersion	15% ↑ kuneta simba, yunifomu HAZ
G120	760-780°C	1-2 maawa	Inodzivisa M₂₃C₆ kukoromoka	Inodzivirira kurasikirwa kwesimba pakupisa kwakanyanya

Yambiro:Kupfuura 790°C kunokonzeresa carbide coarsening → simba/ductility kurasikirwa.

2. Kusimudza Maketani Kushanda muMamiriro Akanyanya

Nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzinoda zvigadziriso zvezvinhu zvakagadzirirwa.

Temperature Tolerance:

G80:Kushanda kwakagadzikana kusvika ku200 ° C; nekurasikirwa kwesimba nekukurumidza pamusoro pe400 ° C nekuda kwekudzikama kwekuchinja.

- G100/G120:Maketani Chengeta 80% simba pa300 ° C; magiredhi akakosha (semuenzaniso, neSi/Mo yakawedzerwa) ramba kunyungudika kusvika -40°C kuitira kushandiswa kweArctic.

Corrosion Resistance:

G80:Inowanzoita ngura; inoda kugara uchizora munzvimbo dzine mwando.

- G100/G120:Sarudzo dzinosanganisira galvanization (zinc plated) kana simbi isina tsvina (semuenzaniso, 316L yezvidyarwa zvemugungwa/makemikari). Galvanized G100 inomira 500+ maawa mumunyu wekupfapfaidza bvunzo.

Kuneta uye Impact Toughness:

G80:Yakakwana kune static mitoro; kukanganisa kuoma ≈25 J pa -20°C.

- G120:Kunyanya kuoma (> 40 J) nekuda kwekuwedzera kweNi/Cr; yakanakira kusimudza zvine simba (semuenzaniso, macranes enzvimbo yengarava).

3. Kushandisa-Yakananga Kusarudzwa Gwaro

Kusarudza giredhi rakakodzera kunogonesa kuchengeteka uye mutengo-kubudirira.

Applications	Recommended Grade	Rationale
General Construction	G80	Mutengo-unoshanda kune mwero mitoro / yakaoma nharaunda; semuenzaniso, kukwirisa.
Offshore / Marine Lifting	G100 (Galvanized)	Simba rakakwirira + kurwisa ngura; inopikisa kupinza kwemvura yegungwa.
Kuchera/Kuchera	G120	Inokwirisa kusagadzika kwekupfeka muabrasive rock kubata; inopona mitoro yekukanganisa.
High-Temperature (semuenzaniso, Steel Mills)	G100 (Kupisa-kurapwa musiyano)	Inochengetedza simba pedyo nechoto (kusvika ku300 ° C).
Critical Dynamic Lifts	G120	Kusaneta-kusaneta pakusimudzwa kweherikoputa kana kutenderedza midziyo yekuisa.

4. Kukundikana Kudzivirira uye Maintenance Maonero

- Kuneta Kutadza:Zvizhinji zvinowanzoitika mu cyclic loading. G120's yepamusoro-soro yekuparadzira kuramba inoderedza njodzi iyi.

- Corrosion Pitting:Kukanganisa simba; galvanized G100 slings yekupedzisira 3 × kureba munzvimbo dzemahombekombe vs. isina kuvharwa G80.

-Kuongorora:ASME inoraira macheki emwedzi nemwedzi kuti akatsemuka, kupfeka > 10% dhayamita, kana kurebesa. Shandisa magineti particle test yeG100/G120 link.

5. Kukurudzira Mitsva uye Ramangwana Trends

- Smart Chains:G120 maketani ane embedded strain sensors yechokwadi-nguva mutoro wekutarisa.

- Coatings:Nano-ceramic coatings paG120 yekuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa munzvimbo dzine acidic.

- Material Sayenzi:Tsvagiridzo mune austenitic simbi akasiyana ekusimudza cryogenic (-196 ° C LNG maapplication) .

Mhedziso: Kufananidza Cheni Giredhi kune Zvaunoda

- Sarudza G80yezvikwiriso zvisingadhuri, zvisingaore.

- Taura G100yenzvimbo dzinoora/zvinoshanduka zvinoda simba rakaenzana uye kusimba.

-Sarudza G120mumamiriro ezvinhu akanyanyisa: kuneta kwakanyanya, kubvongodzwa, kana kusimudza kwakakosha.

Chekupedzisira Cherechedzo: Gara uchiisa pamberi pecheni dzakasimbiswa dzine marapirwo ekupisa anoteedzera. Kusarudzwa kwakafanira kunodzivirira kukundikana kunotyisa—sainzi yezvinhu ndiwo musimboti wokusimudza kuchengeteka.

Nguva yekutumira: Jun-17-2025

Nhanganyaya yeLifting Chain yeMagiredhi: G80, G100 & G120